Millions of people filing Self Assessment tax returns are being warned to watch out for fraudsters posing as HMRC. Criminals are once again using bogus emails, texts and calls to trick taxpayers into handing over personal details or bank information.
HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) says scammers are most active in the run-up to the 31 January 2026 filing deadline, when people are preparing their returns and may be more likely to fall for fake refund offers or urgent payment demands.
The scale of the problem
Between August 2024 and July 2025, HMRC received over 170,000 scam referrals from concerned customers. While that’s a 12% drop compared to the previous year, fraudsters are still active, with more than 47,000 fake tax refund scams reported in the same period.
The tactics are familiar but effective: emails promising tax rebates, texts with dodgy links, and voicemails threatening legal action or even arrest unless you pay immediately.
How to recognise a scam
HMRC has made it clear what it will not do. This includes:
- Leaving voicemails threatening legal action or arrest
- Asking for personal or financial details via email or text
- Contacting you about refunds by text, email or phone
If you’re due a refund, the only safe way to claim it is through your HMRC online account or the official HMRC app.
How to stay safe from scammers
Fraudsters are clever, so it’s important to protect your personal information at all times. Think carefully before handing over money or sharing details, even if a message or call looks convincing. Make sure you’re using strong, unique passwords for your online accounts — particularly anything linked to your finances. Taking a few simple precautions now can save you from serious losses later.
If you receive an unexpected email, text, or call about your tax return, treat it with caution. Don’t be tempted to click on links or open attachments, as these could expose you to fraud. Remember that caller ID isn’t always reliable and numbers can be spoofed to look genuine. When in doubt, head to GOV.UK and check the official scams guidance before taking any action.
If something looks suspicious, don’t ignore it. Forward scam emails to [email protected] and send dodgy texts to 60599. You can also report scam calls directly via GOV.UK. And if the worst happens and money is stolen, contact your bank immediately to protect your account. You should also report the crime to Action Fraud (or to Police Scotland on 101 if you’re in Scotland).
Want more tips on spotting scams and keeping your money safe? Visit the Join the Claim campaign hub for straightforward guides on how to protect yourself from fraud and what to do if you’ve been targeted.
